OK, OSB will do, have you any access to "treated timber" of a similar size to fill the opening and allow your new door frame to fit?
Or? use timber "packers" between new door frame and structure, clad inside and out with treated timber, infill the gap with expanding foam for Insulation.
Find out the size you need to fill between new frame and structure, split the difference between each side and find, make, cut packers so that the new frame fits snugly, fit the packers to the structure and the new frame to the packers. Then fill with the expanding foam.
Worth a look?
Ken