Flooring Problem

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Hi there,
I am in Japan for a few weeks helping my friend in her house.
One of her problems is her hallway floor. It is a kind of fake parquet flooring approximately 1.5 to 2.5cm thick (0.59" to 0.98")
(see attached Photos)
As you can see from the photos there is a hole in the floor 30cm by 25cm or 11.8" by 9.8"
Many Japanese houses are built of wood as is this one, and the house is built on concrete pillars and there is a 55cm or 21.6" hole under the floor down to the ground.
So we either need to fix that hole or re floor the whole hall. (Probably the best option is to re floor the whole hall for as you can see on 1 of the photos, the flooring is in poor condition and looks terrible!)
Also the floor is held up with joists Approximately 40mm by 40mm (1.5") in size and running 25cm (9.8") apart.
Please could you give me any advice on how I might go about doing this. I'm completely new to this sort of thing! Also please could you give different-flooring options / materials. Wood of course, but also other possibilities, I'm struggling to figure out how to fix the hole when there is no floor underneath! (For information: There is no access underneath the house so all the work will have to be done above the hole not below!)
PS. my skill level is beginner but there is no chance of me being able to duck out of this task and getting a flooring specialist in a my friend is broke.
Please use easy to understand terms when replying :)
Thank you for any help or input you can give me
kind regards Gin
 

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Apr 5, 2016
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Just an idea you should put in a trap door for access to under the house
 
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That looks like real parquet to me. Parquet is sold as tiles of varying sizes and thickness. The tiles are normally installed using mastic (glue) to a subfloor prepared according to the manufactures specifications. It appears in this case someone ran runners (2x4's installed directly on an existing floor, typically a concrete slab in the states) and installed the tiles to the runners, or the subfloor sheathing has disintegrated. If runners are what is present and there is no subfloor, remove the floor. Install a minimum 6 mil. vapor barrier (plastic sheathing) over the runners and install 3/4" (23/32") subfloor (plywood is preferable to osb but is expensive). The subfloor should be fastened every 6-8" around the perimeter and 12" on center in the field of the sheet. Prepare the subfloor for the new flooring per the manufactures directions as well as the new flooring.
 

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